|
First
Aid
Bleeding
External Bleeding
-
Make the victim lie down to prevent fainting.
-
Apply direct pressure to stop bleeding by placing
a gauge or cleanest cloth available over the wound and press it
firmly with the palm of your hand.
-
Elevate the injury. Position the wounded part of
the body above the level of the heart (to stop bleeding) if
possible while you apply direct pressure.
-
If the bleeding is from the ear, place a clean
bandage over the ear, lay the victim on his side, and allow the
blood to drain out through the bandage.
-
Application of ice bag ( ice cubes in a thick
plastic bag ) directly over the bleeding area is helpful
-
Know the pressure points. If direct pressure and
elevation do not sufficiently slow the blood flow, find a pressure
point. Large arteries found close to the skin's surface supply
blood to the head and to each arm and leg. The most common
pressure points used during first aid are located in the upper
arms and in the creases above the upper legs. Apply pressure to
the closest pressure point to the wound so that the artery is
pressed between your fingers and the bone directly behind the
artery.
Internal Bleeding
Internal bleeding
occurs as a result of a direct blow to the body, a fracture, a
sprain, or a bleeding ulcer. During internal bleeding blood vessels
rupture and blood leaks into body cavities. If a victim
receives an injury to the chest or abdomen, internal bleeding should
be suspected.
Symptoms of internal bleeding:
Symptoms include pain and tenderness in the
affected area, cold, clammy skin, pale face and lips, weakness or
fainting, nausea, thirstiness, rapid, weak or irregular pulse,
shortness of breath, dilated pupils and swelling or bruising at the
site of injury
First Aid
-
Check for an open airway and begin rescue
breathing if necessary.
-
Call for medical help as soon as possible and
keep the victim comfortable until help arrives.
-
The victim may rinse his mouth with water, but do
not give a victim of internal bleeding anything to
drink.
Nose Bleeding
Causes of nose bleeding may be nose injury,
strenuous activity, high blood pressure, exposure to high altitudes
or blowing your nose too hard.
-
Sit down and remain calm.
-
Lean slightly forward to prevent blood from the
running in to your throat.
-
Pinch both the nostril closed between the thumb
and the fore finger. The pressure should be applied just below the
nasal bone and maintain pressure with the fingers for at least 2
minutes.
-
Place cold, wet cloth or wedge of cotton in side
the nostril and hold it there and at the same time try to apply
the pressure outside the nostril for 5 minutes.
-
Put an ice pack over the bridge of the nose.
-
If heavy bleeding persists or if nosebleeds recur
frequently, consult a physicians.
|
